Explanation of surface condenser with their Types, Advantages and Disadvantages

 Introduction:

Surface condensers have no direct contact with steam and cooling water, and condensate can be reused in boilers: even impure water in such condensers can be used for cooling purposes, while cold water must be purified in a jet condenser. Although the capital cost and required space is higher in surface condensers but this is justified by saving in running cost and increasing the efficiency of the plant achieved by using these condensers. Depending on the condition of the condensate extraction pump, the flow of condensate and the arrangement of the tubes The surface condenser can be classified as follows:

Down flow type condenser:

Sectional view of down flow type condenser
Fig.1
Figure 1. shows a sectional view of dawn flow condenser. Steam enters at the top and flows downward. The water flowing through the tubes in one direction lower half comes out in the opposite direction in the upper half Figure 2. shows a longitudinal section of a two pass down-flow condenser.
Down flow type condenser
Fig.2

Central flow condenser:

Figure 3 shows the central flow condenser. In this condenser the steam passages are around the perimeter of the shell. The air is pumped away from the center of the condenser.
Central flow condenser
Fig.3
The condensate tube moves radially to the center of the nest. On the way to the center, some exhaust steam meets the undercold condensate and pre-heats, thus reducing the undercooling.

Evaporation condenser:

In this condenser (Figure 4) steam to be condensed is passed through a series of tubes and the cooling waterfalls over these tubes in the form of spray. Steam of air flows over the pipes to increase the evaporation of cold water, which further increases the condensation of vapor.
Evaporation condenser
Fig.4

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF A SURFACE CONDENSER:

Various advantages of a surface condenser are as follows:

1. Condensate can be used as boiler feed water.
2. Even low quality cold water can be used as cold water does not come in direct contact with the vapor.
3. A high vacuum (about 73.5 cm Hg) can be obtained in a surface condenser. This increases the thermal efficiency of the plant.

Various disadvantages of the surface condenser are as follows:

1. Capital costs are higher.
2. The cost of maintenance and operation of this condenser is high.
3. It is bulky and requires more space.
I'm passionate about my work. I love the feeling of helping people and impressing them with my content. I have a wide range of topics, so I think you will enjoy the content I offer on my website.…

Post a Comment